Net international investment position
(Redirected from International international investment position)
The net international investment position (NIIP) is the difference between the external financial assets and liabilities of a country.[1] External debt of a country includes government debt and private debt. External assets publicly and privately held by a country's legal residents are also taken into account when calculating NIIP.[2] Commodities and currencies tend to follow a cyclical pattern of significant valuation changes, which is also reflected in NIIP.
The International investment position (IIP) of a country is a financial statement of the value and composition of its external financial assets and liabilities. A positive NIIP value indicates that a nation is a creditor nation, while a negative value indicates that it is a debtor nation.
World
[edit] | The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (August 2023) |
In 1980, the United States net international-creditor position was bigger than the total net creditor-positions of all the other countries in the world.[3] Only six years later, in 1986, when the nation’s international investment position was at a year-end negative $107.4 billion, the U.S. became a net-debtor nation for the first time since 1914, when its nominal debt had reached $2 billion.[4] By 1990, the U.S. was the world's largest debtor[3] By end-2020, the country’s net international-investment position was a negative $14 trillion, an amount representing how much more the U.S. owed to the rest of the world than the rest of the world owed to the U.S.[5] At the end of 2022, it stood at a negative $16 trillion.[6]
List of countries and regions by net international investment position (NIIP)
[edit] |
| Countries and regions | Date | NIIP[7] (US$ millions) |
Date | GDP[8][9] (US $millions) |
Date | NIIP (% GDP) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Albania |
2024Q3 | -11,468 | 2024 | 26,130 | 2024 | -52.1 |
 Algeria |
2024Q1 | +50,000 | 2024 | 260,134 | 2024 | |
 Andorra |
2023 | +21,416[7] | 2023 | 3,790[10] | 2023 | +565.1 |
 Angola |
2024Q3 | -16,623 | 2024 | 113,286 | 2024 | |
 Argentina |
2024Q3 | +75,882 | 2024 | 604,382 | 2024 | +26.3 |
 Armenia |
2024Q3 | -12,218 | 2024 | 25,251 | 2024 | -73.1 |
 Australia |
2024Q3 | -560,537 | 2024 | 1,802,006 | 2024 | -41.1 |
 Austria |
2024Q3 | +116,431 | 2024 | 535,804 | 2024Q3 | +21.7[11] |
 Bangladesh |
2024Q2 | -86,746 | 2024 | 451,468 | 2024 | -13.5 |
 Belarus |
2024Q3 | -19,219 | 2024 | 73,129 | 2024 | -51.7 |
 Belgium |
2024Q3 | +390,828 | 2024 | 662,183 | 2024Q3 | +57.3[11] |
 Bhutan |
2024Q1 | -4,035 | 2024 | 3,151 | 2024 | -104.2 |
 Bolivia |
2024Q3 | -11,201 | 2024 | 48,172 | 2024 | |
 Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2024Q3 | -6,872 | 2024 | 28,404 | 2024 | |
 Brazil |
2024Q3 | -980,904 | 2024 | 2,188,419 | 2024 | -39.6 |
 Bulgaria |
2024Q3 | -5,343 | 2024 | 108,425 | 2024Q3 | -4.7[11] |
 Cambodia |
2024Q3 | -35,867 | 2024 | 47,147 | 2024 | -94.2 |
 Canada |
2024Q3 | +1,381,817 | 2024 | 2,214,796 | 2024 | +58.7 |
 Chile |
2024Q3 | -64,245 | 2024 | 328,720 | 2024 | -9.4 |
 People's Republic of China |
2024Q3 | +3,181,704 | 2024 | 18,273,357 | 2024 | +12.9 |
 Colombia |
2024Q3 | -185,040 | 2024 | 417,207 | 2024 | -51.7 |
 Democratic Republic of the Congo |
2018 | -19,779 | 2020 | 49,613 | 2020 | -42.0 |
 Costa Rica |
2024Q3 | -40,539 | 2024 | 95,149 | 2024 | |
 Croatia |
2024Q3 | -20,901 | 2024 | 89,665 | 2024Q3 | -22.3[11] |
 Cyprus |
2024Q1 | -30,803 | 2024 | 34,790 | 2024Q3 | -84.6[11] |
 Czech Republic |
2024Q3 | -29,074 | 2024 | 342,992 | 2024Q3 | -8.3[11] |
 Denmark |
2024Q2 | +135,827 | 2024 | 412,293 | 2024Q3 | +56.6[11] |
 Dominican Republic |
2024Q3 | -75,064 | 2024 | 126,238 | 2024 | |
 Egypt |
2024Q3 | -277,136 | 2024 | 380,034 | 2021 | -53.2 |
 Estonia |
2024Q3 | -7,982 | 2024 | 43,044 | 2024Q3 | -13.2[11] |
 European Union (Eurozone only) |
2024Q2 | +1,081,222 | 2023Q4 | 15,544,860 | 2024 | |
 Finland |
2024Q3 | +56,409 | 2024 | 306,083 | 2024Q3 | +19.6[11] |
 France |
2024Q3 | -801,354 | 2024 | 3,174,099 | 2024Q3 | -24.7[11] |
 Germany |
2024Q3 | +3,707,527 | 2024 | 4,710,032 | 2024Q3 | +77.3[11] |
 Greece |
2024Q3 | -340,644 | 2024 | 252,732 | 2024Q3 | -129.8[11] |
 Hong Kong |
2024Q3 | +1,796,920 | 2024 | 368,633 | 2021 | +586.8 |
 Hungary |
2024Q3 | -74,474 | 2024 | 228,806 | 2024Q3 | -33.1[11] |
 Iceland |
2024Q3 | +13,322 | 2024 | 32,919 | 2019(Q1) | +21[12] |
 India |
2024Q3 | -351,091 | 2024 | 3,889,130 | March 2020 | -14[13] |
 Indonesia |
2021Q1 | -273,985 | 2021 | 1,402,590 | 2019 | -30.4 |
 Ireland |
2024Q3 | -465,463 | 2024 | 560,566 | 2024Q3 | -80.1[11] |
 Israel |
2024Q3 | +242,701 | 2024 | 528,067 | 2021 | +42.7 |
 Italy |
2024Q3 | +296,936 | 2024 | 2,376,510 | 2024Q3 | +12.2[11] |
 Japan |
2024Q3 | +3,586,621 | 2024 | 4,070,094 | 2021 | +62.8 |
 Kazakhstan |
2024Q3 | -49,791 | 2024 | 292,553 | 2019 | -36.2 |
 Kuwait |
2024Q3 | +120,063 | 2024 | 161,822 | 2019 | +69.7 |
 Latvia |
2024Q3 | -9,861 | 2024 | 45,521 | 2024Q3 | -22.3[11] |
 Lithuania |
2024Q3 | +1,112 | 2024 | 82,789 | 2024Q3 | +1.3[11] |
 Luxembourg |
2024Q3 | +34,551 | 2024 | 91,210 | 2024Q3 | +37.6[11] |
 Malaysia |
2024Q3 | -9,482 | 2024 | 439,748 | 2020 | +5.9 |
 Malta |
2024Q3 | +24,387 | 2024 | 24,397 | 2024Q3 | +98.6[11] |
 Mexico |
2024Q3 | -636,520 | 2024 | 1,848,125 | 2019 | -51.4 |
 Mongolia |
2024Q3 | -42,853 | 2024 | 23,669 | 2021 | -262.9 |
 Montenegro |
2024Q3 | -8,482 | 2024 | 8,110 | 2018 | -178.8 |
 Mozambique |
2024Q1 | -69,977 | 2024 | 22,495 | 2021 | -429.9 |
 Netherlands |
2024Q3 | +532,488 | 2024 | 1,218,401 | 2024Q3 | +54.6[11] |
 New Zealand |
2024Q3 | -119,310 | 2024 | 252,236 | 2019 | -46.2 |
 Nicaragua |
2024Q3 | -17,964 | 2024 | 19,412 | 2019 | -119.9 |
 Nigeria |
2024Q3 | -71,484 | 2024 | 199,721 | 2019 | -16.3 |
 Norway |
2024Q3 | +1,611,208 | 2024 | 503,752 | 2021 | +264.5 |
 Pakistan |
2024Q3 | -128,962 | 2024 | 374,595 | 2021 | -44.5 |
 Panama |
2024Q3 | -76,574 | 2024 | 87,347 | 2020 | -122.5 |
 Peru |
2024Q3 | -101,848 | 2024 | 283,309 | 2018 | -37.4 |
 Philippines |
2024Q3 | -59,236 | 2024 | 470,062 | 2020 | -5.6 |
 Poland |
2024Q3 | -285,180 | 2024 | 862,908 | 2024Q3 | -30.9[11] |
 Portugal |
2024Q3 | -197,311 | 2024 | 303,032 | 2024Q3 | -62.8[11] |
 Romania |
2024Q3 | -138,238 | 2024 | 380,561 | 2024Q4 | -40.4[11] |
 Russia |
2021Q4 | +486,585 | 2021 | 1,710,734 | 2021 | +26.8 |
 Saudi Arabia |
2024Q3 | +744,164 | 2024 | 1,100,706 | 2021 | +73.0 |
 Serbia |
2024Q3 | -55,342 | 2024 | 82,550 | 2019 | -88.5 |
 Singapore |
2024Q3 | +873,348 | 2024 | 530,708 | 2021 | +276.1 |
 Slovakia |
2024Q3 | -73,393 | 2024 | 142,617 | 2024Q3 | -51.0[11] |
 Slovenia |
2024Q3 | +4,660 | 2024 | 73,198 | 2024Q3 | +6.3[11] |
 South Africa |
2024Q3 | +111,916 | 2024 | 403,045 | 2021 | +29.5 |
 South Korea |
2024Q3 | +977,824 | 2024 | 1,869,916 | 2021 | +26.4 |
 Spain |
2024Q3 | -859,317 | 2024 | 1,731,469 | 2024Q3 | -49.0[11] |
 Sudan |
2018 | -85,180 | 2021 | 29,793 | 2018 | -248.5 |
 Sweden |
2024Q3 | +331,662 | 2024 | 609,039 | 2024Q3 | +52.5[11] |
 Switzerland |
2024Q3 | +1,082,270 | 2024 | 942,265 | 2021 | +98.0 |
 Taiwan |
2020 | +1,371,420[14] | 2021 | 759,104 | 2020 | +205.1 |
 Thailand |
2024Q3 | +37,455 | 2024 | 528,919 | 2019 | +11.0 |
 Tunisia |
2019 | -63,678 | 2021 | 44,265 | 2019 | -162.6 |
 Turkey |
2024Q3 | -318,218 | 2024 | 1,344,318 | 2021 | -35.3 |
 Uganda |
2023Q4 | -28,879 | 2024 | 55,587 | 2019 | -60.8 |
 Ukraine |
2024Q3 | -15,181 | 2024 | 184,099 | 2021 | -13.1 |
 United Kingdom |
2024Q3 | -1,121,667 | 2024 | 3,587,585 | 2021 | -25.7 |
 United States |
2024Q4 | -26,230,000 | 2024 | 29,017,000 | 2024Q4[15] | -90.4 |
 Uzbekistan |
2024Q3 | +16,326 | 2024 | 112,653 | 2021 | +30.2 |
 Zambia |
2023Q4 | -28,516 | 2024 | 25,913 | 2019 | -116.5 |
See also
[edit]- Net foreign assets
- List of countries by external debt
- List of countries by public debt
- List of countries by net international investment position per capita
References
[edit]- ^ Bivens, L. Josh (December 14, 2004). "Debt and the dollar: The United States damages future living standards by borrowing itself into a deceptively deep hole". Epinet.org. Archived from the original on January 20, 2008. Retrieved 2009-06-28.
- ^ Ministry of Economic and Finance of Argentina International Investment Position Methodology page.1
- ^ a b Aliber, Robert (31 January 2021). "Why did the United States Evolve from the Largest International Creditor in 1980 to the Largest International Debtor in 1990?". Atlantic Economic Journal. 48: 405–411. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
- ^ "U.S. Becomes the World's Largest Debtor Country". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. 24 June 1986. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
- ^ "U.S. International Investment Position, Fourth Quarter and Year 2020". BEA News. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 31 March 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
- ^ "U.S. International Investment Position, 4th Quarter and Year 2022" (PDF). BEA News. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 29 March 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
- ^ a b "IMF Data". data.imf.org. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
- ^ "Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects". International Monetary Fund.
- ^ IMF's World Economic Outlook October 2024 "By countries" document Current prices GDP in US Dollars NGDPD https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/download-entire-database
- ^ "GDP (current US$) - Andorra". World Bank. 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "Net international investment position - quarterly data, % of GDP". Eurostat. 10 February 2025. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
- ^ Central Bank of Iceland
- ^ "India's International Investment Position (IIP), March 2020". Reserve Bank of India. Retrieved 2021-01-30.
- ^ Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
- ^ "U.S. International Investment Position, 4th Quarter and Year 2024". BEA News. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 26 March 2025. Retrieved 27 March 2025.
External links
[edit]- Bureau of Economic Analysis Elena L. Nguyen: The International Investment Position of the United States at Yearend 2007. U.S.
- Bank of Japan Japan’s International Investment Position at Year-End 2009 Archived 2012-11-18 at the Wayback Machine (Retrieved on June 30, 2011)
- Deutsche Bundesbank (German Central Bank) International Investment Position - External Debt Statistics
- European Economic Forecast Spring 2010 European Commission working draft Graph 1.3.2., International investment position since 1980 in major economic units.
Statistics
[edit]- International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Investment Position (IIP) Data
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011
- UK National Statistics Great Britain: International Investment Position, Table K
- Saint-Petersburg (Russia) statistic Economic statistics of St. Petersburg
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